Elettaria cardamomum

ELETTARIA CARDAMOMUM

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Common name : cardamomum, Elaichi

Taxonomical ID: 105181

Frequently asked questions

Camelia sinensis

Gloriosa superba

Nigella sativa.L

Ipomoea turpethum

Costus igneus

Cymbopogon citratus

Cannabis sativa L

Glycosmis pentaphylla

Dioscorea bulbifoera

Desmodium gangeticum

Tabernaemontana coronaria

Jasminum sambac L

Clitoria ternatea

Ficus carica

Aegle marmelos L

Mimosa rubicaulis

Murraya paniculata

Lantana camara

Amranthus tricolor L

Colocasia esculenta

Morus alba

Xanthium strumarium

Petiveria alliacea

Hedychium ellipticum

Taxus baccata

Garcinia polyantha

Semecarpus anacardium

Calotropis gigantea

Andographis paniculata

Avicennia alba

Cressa cretica

Abrus precatorius

Syzygium aromaticum .L

Acacia senegal

Rubus occidentalis .L

Prunus armeniaca.L

Foeniculum vulgare

Leptadenia reticulata

Eclipta prostrata

Cuminum cyminum

Citrullus colocynthis

Cinnamomum zeylanicum

Centella asiatica

caesalpinia pucherrima (L.)Sw.

canscora decussata

Alstonia scholaris

General141

kaempferia galanaga

piper nigrum

Cinnamomum tamala

Allium cepa

Saussurea lappa

Berberis aristata

Withania somnifera

Acalypha indica

Acorus calamus.L

Allium sativum L

VITEX TRIFOLIA

Adhatoda vasica Nees

General192

General196

General200

General204

Bauhinia variegata

DATURA

General216

General220

General224

General228

General232

General236

General240

General244

General

Flacourtia jangomas

Vitex negundo

aloe vera

alpinia galanga

Asparagus racemosus willd

Borassus flabellifer.L

Cedrus deodara (Roxb.ex.D.Don)

Colebrookea oppositifolia

Curcuma Longa

Embilica officinalis

Holarrhena antidysenterica

Kalanchoe integra

Mallotus philippensis

Mimosa pudica.L

Myristica fragrans

Myrtus communis.L

Phyllanthus fraternus

Plumbago zeylaniaca

Pueraria tuberosa

Punica grantum.L

Rumex hastatus.D

Trichosanthes dioica

Annona muricata

Cryptolepsis sanguinolenta

Zanthoxylum leprieurii

Vetiveria zizanioides

Ceiba pentandra

Capsicum annum.L

Derris indica L.

Scindapsus officinalis Roxb

Barleria lupulina LINDL

New Category

Passiflora foetida

New Category

Hyptis suaveolens

Hibiscus rosa

Citrus aurantifolia

New Category

Inula racemosa

New Category

Oroxylum indicum

New Category

Valeriana wallichii

Tephrosia purpurea

Psoralea corylifolia .L

Aquilaria agallocha

Dactylorhiza hatagirea

Rhododendron anthopogon

Croton macrostachyus

English (2) :souchong, tea

Hindi (5) :cay, chai, chaipati, cha, chha

Kannada (9) :cha, cha soppu, chaha, chaha soppu, tea soppu, ca, caha, thesoppu, theyale

Malayalam (3) :teyila, caya, chaya

Marathi (1) :chaha

Sanskrit (5) :caha, syamaparni, chaha, chavika, chaya

Tamil (5) :teyilai, thayilai, karupputteyilai, pachaitteyilai, theyilai

Telugu (5) :nallateyaku, teyaaku, tiyaku, teyaku, theyaku

Urdu (2) :chai siyah, chai

Arabic (1) :chha

Persian (3) :ca, chaika thai, chha

Source : ENVIS FRLHT

Camellia sinensis is native to mainland china, South and Southeast Asia, but it is today cultivated across the world in tropical and subtropical regions. It is an evergreen shrub or small tree that is usually trimmed to below two meters (six feet) when cultivated for its leaves. It has a strong taproot. The flowers are yellow –white, 2.5-4 cm in diameter, with 7 to 8 petals. The leaves are 4-15 cm long and 2-5 cm broad. The young, light green leaves are preferably harvested for tea production; they have short white hairs on the under side. Older leaves are deeper green. Different leaf ages produce differing tea qualities, since their chemical compositions are different. Usually the tip (bud) and the first two to three leaves are harvested for processing. This hand picking is repeated every one to two weeks.

Source : Ananthi et al.,2018

S.No	Phytochemical name	Phytochemical ID	Synonyms	Part	Medicinal properties
1	(+)-alpha-Terpineol	CID_442501	(R)-p-Menth-1-en-8-ol	Seed
2	(+)-LIMONENE	CID_440917		Root essential oil Fruit essential oil	Anti microbial Anti oxidant Anti inflammatory
3	1,4-CINEOLE	CID_10106	Isocineole 1,4-EPOXY-P-MENTHANE	Seed essential oil Fruit	antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory
4	1,8-CINEOLE	CID_2758	Eucalyptol cineole	Seed essential oil Fruit Essential oil	Allelopathic Allergenic Anesthetic Anti helmintic Anti allegeic Antibacterial Anticarcinogenic Anti-inflammatory Antirheumatic Antispasmodic Antiulcer
5	Acetic acid	CID_176	Ethanoic acid Ethylic acid Acetic acid, glacial	Fruit	Acidulant Antibacterial
6	Acetyl choline			Seed Pericarp	Allergenic Antidiuretic Myopic Neurotransmitter Vasodilator
7	ALPHA-COPAENE	CID_19725	Copaene alpha-ylangene	seed	antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory
8	ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE	CID_7460	p-Mentha-1,5-diene Menthadiene	fruit	Antibacterial Irritant Laxative
9	ALPHA-PINENE	CID_6654	2-Pinene Acintene A	Fruit Root essential oil Seed essential oil	Allergenic Antibacterial Anti inflammatory Anti pneumonic Antiseptic Antispasmodic Antiviral
10	ALPHA-TERPINENE	CID_7462	p-Mentha-1,3-diene Terpilene	Fruit Root essential oil	Anti nitrosamnic Antispasmodic Spasmogenic
11	alpha-TERPINEOL	CID_17100	Terpineol	Seed essential oil Fruit essential oil	Allelopathic Antibacterial Anticarcinogenic Anticancer Anti inflammatory
12	ALPHA-THUJENE	CID_17868	3-Thujene Origanene	Root essential oil Fruit Plant	antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory
13	alpha-Tocopherol	CID_14985	D-alpha-Tocopherol 5,7,8-Trimethyltocol VITAMIN E	seed	Anti asthmatic Anticancer Anticataract Antidiabetic Antifertility Antioxidant Antitumor Cancer preventive Immunomodulator
14	ASCARIDOLE	CID_10545	Ascaridol Ascaricum Ascarisin Askaridol	Fruit	Analgesic Antimalarial Carcinogenic Sedative
15	BETA-PHELLANDRENE	CID_11142	p-Mentha-1(7),2-diene	seed essential oil	Expectorant Fungicide Perfumery
16	BETA-PINENE	CID_14896	Pseudopinene Nopinene	Root essential oil Seed essential oil Fruit essential oil	Allergenic Antiseptic
17	BETA-SITOSTEROL	CID_222284	Sitosterol Cupreol Azuprostat	seed	Androgenic Anorexic Antiandrogenic Antibacterial Anticancer Antiestrogenic Antileukemic Antilymphomic Antipyretic Antitumor Antiviral Cancer preventive Estrogenic
18	BETA-TERPINEOL	CID_8748	cis-beta-Terpineol trans-beta-Terpineol p-Menth-8-en-1-ol	seed essential oil	Anti-microbial Anti oxidant Anti inflammatory
19	Borneol	CID_64685	Isoborneol	fruit	Analgesic Antibacterial Anti inflammatory Antispasmodic
20	butyric acid	CID_264	butanoic acid n-Butyric acid n-Butanoic acid	Fruit	Anticancer Antitumor Apoptotic
21	caffeic acid	CID_689043	3,4-Dihydroxycinnamic acid trans-caffeic acid	Fruit	Analgesic Anti-HIV Anti-adenoviral Antiaging Antibacterial Antidepressant Anti-inflammatory Antioxidant Antiseptic Antitumor
22	CAMPESTEROL	CID_173183	Campesterin Campasterol	seed	Antioxidant Hypocholesterolemic
23	CAMPHENE	CID_6616	Comphene	Fruit Seed	Allelopathic Antioxidant
24	camphor	CID_2537	2-Bornanone	Fruit	Analgesic Anesthetic Antiacne anti-diarrheal Antiemetic Antiseptic Antispasmodic
25	Caprylic acid	CID_379	octanoic acid caprylic acid Octylic acid	seed oil	Antiseptic
26	CARVONE	CID_7439	Karvon	Fruit essential oil	Allergenic Antiproliferative Cancer preventive
27	Caryophyllene	CID_5281515	BETA-CARYOPHYLLENE L-Caryophyllene	Fruit essential oil	Allergenic Analgesic Antibacterial Anticarcinogenic Anti-edemic Anti-inflammatory Antispasmodic Antitumor Sedative
28	Citronellol	CID_8842	beta-Citronellol	Fruit	Allergenic Antibacterial Antiseptic Sedative
29	DODECANOIC-ACID	CID_87092907	SCHEMBL332029		Anti tubercular
30	Eugenol acetate	CID_7136	EUGENYL ACETATE Acetyleugenol	Seed	Antiaggregant Anti-inflammatory Antispasmodic
31	GAMMA-TERPINENE	CID_7461	Crithmene Moslene	Root essential oil Fruit	Antioxidant
32	GERANIOL	CID_637566	Lemonol Geranyl alcohol trans-Geraniol	Fruit essential oil Seed essential oil Plant	Allergenic Anti-helminthic Antibacterial Anticancer Anticarcinogenic Antiseptic Antitubercular Antitumor Cancer preventive Sedative
33	Humulene	CID_5281520	alpha-Humulene ALPHA-CARYOPHYLLENE	Fruit essential oil	Antimalarial Anti plasmodial
34	LIMONENE	CID_22311	Dipentene Cinene Cajeputene	Seed essential oil Fruit	Allergenic Antibacterial Antiseptic Antitumor Antiviral Cancer preventive
35	Linalool	CID_6549	Linalol LINALYL ALCOHOL	Fruit essential oil Seed essential oil	Allergenic Analgesic Anesthetic Antibacterial Antiseptic Antiviral Cancer preventive Cytotoxic
36	linoleic acid	CID_5280450	Linolic acid Telfairic acid	Seed Fruit	Antiacne Antiandrogenic Antiarthritic Anti-inflammatory Cancer preventive
37	MYRCENE	CID_31253	beta-Myrcene	Seed Fruit Root	Analgesic Antibacterial Anticonvulsant Antimutagenic Antioxidant
38	Myrtenal	CID_61130	Benihinal	Fruit	Antimalarial Anti-plasmodial
39	Nerol	CID_643820	cis-Geraniol Neryl alcohol	Fruit , seed	Antibacteiral Antiseptic Antiulcer Estrogenic Sedative
40	NEROLIDOL	CID_5284507	trans-Nerolidol	Fruit Seed	Antiacne Antibacterial Anticarcinogenic
41	Neryl acetate	CID_1549025	Nerol acetate Neryl ethanoate	Fruit Seed	Antiviral
42	niacin	CID_938	nicotinic acid	seed	Allergenic Antidiabetic Anti-insomnic Antineuralgic Antispasmodic Cancer preventive Sedative Vasodilator
43	oleic acid	CID_445639	oleate	Seed Fruit Seed oil	Allergenic Antiandrogenic Anti-inflammatory Cancer preventive
44	P-CYMENE	CID_7463	4-Isopropyltoluene p-Isopropyltoluene Dolcymene	Fruit Root Seed	Antibacterial Antiviral Laxative Sedative
45	Palmitic acid	CID_985	Hexadecanoic acid Cetylic acid	Seed Fruit	Antioxidant
46	Phytosterols	CID_12303662		Fruit Seed	Anti-prostatoic Hypocholesterolemic
47	Riboflavin	CID_493570	vitamin B2 Riboflavine Lactoflavin	seed	Antimigrane Antioxidant Antipellagric Cancer preventive
48	SABINENE	CID_18818	Sabinen	Fruit Root Seed	Antibacterial Antiseptic Antiulcer
49	STIGMASTEROL	CID_5280794	Stigmasterin	seed	Antihepatotoxic Anti-inflammatory Antioxidant Antiviral Cancer preventive Antiviral Estrogenic Ovulant Sedative
50	Terpinen-4-ol	CID_11230	4-Carvomenthenol 4-Terpineol p-Menth-1-en-4-ol	Fruit seed	Allelopathic Antiacne Antiallergic Antioxidant Antiseptic Diuretic
51	Thiamin			seed	Analgesic Anti-neuritic Neuroprotective
52	Vanillic acid			Leaf	Anti-helminthic Antibacterial Anticancer Anti-inflammatory Antioxidant Antiseptic Antitumor Laxative Cancer preventive

E. cardamomum EO was most effective against Bacillus subtilis with MIC 3.75 µL/mL and exhibited antioxidant activity in DPPH assay with IC50 0.057 ± 0.013 µL/mL (0.076 ± 0.017 µL EO/µg Trolox®) but was ineffective in the ABTS test up to 5 µL/mL; 86.22% of its EO constituent are oxygenated monoterpenes with α-terpinyl acetate as the major component.

Source : Samal,2016

Phytochemicals 3D structures

Source for phytochemicals : Duke's and pubchem

AMMPDB VER.1.1

ELETTARIA CARDAMOMUM

Common name : cardamomum, Elaichi

Vernacular names

Botanical description

Conservation status

Medicinal uses

Source : Samal,2016