Kaemferia galanaga

KAEMFERIA GALANAGA

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Taxonomical ID : 97750

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Common name : Chandramula, Sidhoul

Frequently asked questions

Camelia sinensis

Gloriosa superba

Nigella sativa.L

Ipomoea turpethum

Costus igneus

Cymbopogon citratus

Cannabis sativa L

Glycosmis pentaphylla

Dioscorea bulbifoera

Desmodium gangeticum

Tabernaemontana coronaria

Jasminum sambac L

Clitoria ternatea

Ficus carica

Aegle marmelos L

Mimosa rubicaulis

Murraya paniculata

Lantana camara

Amranthus tricolor L

Colocasia esculenta

Morus alba

Xanthium strumarium

Petiveria alliacea

Hedychium ellipticum

Taxus baccata

Garcinia polyantha

Semecarpus anacardium

Calotropis gigantea

Andographis paniculata

Avicennia alba

Cressa cretica

Abrus precatorius

Syzygium aromaticum .L

Acacia senegal

Rubus occidentalis .L

Prunus armeniaca.L

Foeniculum vulgare

Leptadenia reticulata

Eclipta prostrata

Cuminum cyminum

Citrullus colocynthis

Cinnamomum zeylanicum

Centella asiatica

caesalpinia pucherrima (L.)Sw.

canscora decussata

Alstonia scholaris

General141

kaempferia galanaga

piper nigrum

Cinnamomum tamala

Allium cepa

Saussurea lappa

Berberis aristata

Withania somnifera

Acalypha indica

Acorus calamus.L

Allium sativum L

VITEX TRIFOLIA

Adhatoda vasica Nees

General192

General196

General200

General204

Bauhinia variegata

DATURA

General216

General220

General224

General228

General232

General236

General240

General244

General

Flacourtia jangomas

Vitex negundo

aloe vera

alpinia galanga

Asparagus racemosus willd

Borassus flabellifer.L

Cedrus deodara (Roxb.ex.D.Don)

Colebrookea oppositifolia

Curcuma Longa

Embilica officinalis

Holarrhena antidysenterica

Kalanchoe integra

Mallotus philippensis

Mimosa pudica.L

Myristica fragrans

Myrtus communis.L

Phyllanthus fraternus

Plumbago zeylaniaca

Pueraria tuberosa

Punica grantum.L

Rumex hastatus.D

Trichosanthes dioica

Annona muricata

Cryptolepsis sanguinolenta

Zanthoxylum leprieurii

Vetiveria zizanioides

Ceiba pentandra

Capsicum annum.L

Derris indica L.

Scindapsus officinalis Roxb

Barleria lupulina LINDL

New Category

Passiflora foetida

New Category

Hyptis suaveolens

Hibiscus rosa

Citrus aurantifolia

New Category

Inula racemosa

New Category

Oroxylum indicum

New Category

Valeriana wallichii

Tephrosia purpurea

Psoralea corylifolia .L

Aquilaria agallocha

Dactylorhiza hatagirea

Rhododendron anthopogon

Croton macrostachyus

English (2) :souchong, tea

Hindi (5) :cay, chai, chaipati, cha, chha

Kannada (9) :cha, cha soppu, chaha, chaha soppu, tea soppu, ca, caha, thesoppu, theyale

Malayalam (3) :teyila, caya, chaya

Marathi (1) :chaha

Sanskrit (5) :caha, syamaparni, chaha, chavika, chaya

Tamil (5) :teyilai, thayilai, karupputteyilai, pachaitteyilai, theyilai

Telugu (5) :nallateyaku, teyaaku, tiyaku, teyaku, theyaku

Urdu (2) :chai siyah, chai

Arabic (1) :chha

Persian (3) :ca, chaika thai, chha

Source : ENVIS FRLHT

Camellia sinensis is native to mainland china, South and Southeast Asia, but it is today cultivated across the world in tropical and subtropical regions. It is an evergreen shrub or small tree that is usually trimmed to below two meters (six feet) when cultivated for its leaves. It has a strong taproot. The flowers are yellow –white, 2.5-4 cm in diameter, with 7 to 8 petals. The leaves are 4-15 cm long and 2-5 cm broad. The young, light green leaves are preferably harvested for tea production; they have short white hairs on the under side. Older leaves are deeper green. Different leaf ages produce differing tea qualities, since their chemical compositions are different. Usually the tip (bud) and the first two to three leaves are harvested for processing. This hand picking is repeated every one to two weeks.

Source : Ananthi et al.,2018

S.No	Secondary metabolites	Phytochemical Name	Phytochemical ID	Synonyms
1	Terpenoids	3-caren-5-one	CID_13502875	car-3-en-5-one
2	Terpenoids	(3R,4R,6S)-3,6-dihydroxy-1-menthene	CID_10374851	N.A
3	Terpenoids	(1R,2S,4R)-p-menth-5-ene-1,2,8-triol	N.A
4	Terpenoids	oxyphyllenodiol B	CID_5279294	-
5	Terpenoids	hedytriol	N.A
6	Terpenoids	kaemgalangol A	N.A
7	Terpenoids	6β-hydroxypimara-8(14),15-diene-1-one	N.A
8	Terpenoids	sandaracopimaradien-6β,9α-diol-l-one	N.A
9	Terpenoids	sandaracopimaradiene	CID_443469	N.A
10	Terpenoids	sandaracopimaradiene-9α-ol	N.A
11	Terpenoids	kaempulchraol I	CID_73946812	N.A
12	Terpenoids	kaempulchraol E	CID_122397599	N.A
13	Terpenoids	8(14),15-sandaracopimaradiene-1α,9α-diol	N.A
14	Terpenoids	kaempulchraol L	CID_127034336	N.A
15	Terpenoids	2α-acetoxy sandaracopimaradien-1α-ol	N.A
16	Terpenoids	1,11-dihydroxypimara-8(14),15-diene	N.A
17	Terpenoids	6β,14α-dihydroxyisopimara-8(9),15-diene	N.A
18	Terpenoids	6β,14β-dihydroxyisopimara-8(9),15-diene	N.A
19	Terpenoids	1α-hydroxy-14α-methoxyisopimara-8(9),15-diene	N.A
20	Terpenoids	1α,14α-dihydroxyisopimara-8(9),15-diene	N.A
21	Terpenoids	boesenberol I	N.A
22	Terpenoids	boesenberol J	N.A
23	Terpenoids	6β-acetoxysandaracopimaradiene-9α-ol	N.A
24	Terpenoids	6β-acetoxysandaracopimaradiene-9α-ol-1-one	N.A
25	Terpenoids	6β-acetoxysandaracopimaradiene-1α,9α-diol	N.A
26	Terpenoids	6β-acetoxy-1α-14α-dihydroxyisopimara-8(9),15-diene	N.A
27	Phenolics	p-metho-xybenzoicacid	N.A
28	Phenolics	p-hydroxybenzoic acid	CID_135	4-HYDROXYBENZOIC ACID
29	Phenolics	vanillic acid	CID_8468	Acide vanillique
30	Phenolics	methyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate	CID_287064	Methyl protocatechuate
31	Phenolics	4-methoxybenzyl-O-β-D-glucopyranoside	N.A
32	Phenolics	methyl (2R,3S)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl) propanoate	N.A
33	Phenolics	ethyl (2R,3S)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl) propanoate	N.A
34	Phenolics	trans ethyl p-methoxycinnamate	N.A
35	Phenolics	ferulic acid	CID_445858	Trans-Ferulic Acid
36	Phenolics	trans p-hydroxycinnamic acid	N.A
37	Phenolics	trans p-methoxycinnamic acid	CID_699414	4-Methoxycinnamic acid
38	Phenolics	trans ethyl cinnamate	CID_637758	Cinnamic acid ethyl ester
39	Phenolics	cis ethyl p-methoxycinnamate	CID_13010829	ethyl (Z)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate
40	Phenolics	4-methoxy-benzyl (E)-3-(4-methoxyp-henyl) acrylate	N. A
41	Phenolics	1-O-4-carboxylphenyl-(6-O-4-hydroxybenzoyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside	N.A
42	Cyclic Dipeptides	cyclo-(L-Val-L-Phe)	CID_13783105	-
43	Cyclic dipeptides	cyclo-(L-Leu-L-Ile)	CID_102426847
44	Cyclic dipeptides	cyclo-(L-Val-L-Leu)	CID_124306170
45	Cyclic dipeptides	cyclo-(L-Val-L-Val)	CID_56777361
46	Cyclic dipeptides	cyclo-(L-Ala-L-Ile)	CID_71359704
47	Cyclic dipeptides	cyclo-(L-Ala-L-Leu)	CID_13879946	-
48	Cyclic dipeptides	cyclo-(L-Ala-L-Phe)	N.A
49	Cyclic dipeptides	cyclo-(L-Val-L-Ala)	N.A
50	Cyclic dipeptides	cyclo-(L-Phe-L-Tyr)	CID_11438306	cyclo(L-tyrosyl-L-phenylalanyl)
51	Cyclic dipeptides	cyclo-(L-Leu-L-Tyr)	N.A
52	Cyclic dipeptides	cyclo-(L-Val-L-Tyr)	N.A
53	Cyclic dipeptides	cyclo-(L-Asp-OCH3-L-Phe)	N.A
54	Cyclic dipeptides	cyclo-(L-Tyr-L-Ile)	N.A
55	Cyclic dipeptides	cyclo-(L-Pro-L-Tyr)	CID_119404	Maculosin
56	Cyclic dipeptides	cyclo-(L-Leu-L-Phe)	CID_7076347
57	Cyclic dipeptides	cyclo-(L-Glu-OCH3-L-Phe)
58	Flavonoids	kaempferol	CID_5280863	Robigenin
59	Flavonoids	Luteolin	CID_5280445	Digitoflavone Luteolol
60	Flavonoids	kaempferide	CID_5281666	Kaempferid
61	Diarylheptanoids	(1R,3R,5R)-1,5-epoxy-3-hydroxy-1-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-7-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl) heptane	N.A
62	Diarylheptanoids	(1R,3R,5R)-1,5-epoxy-3-hydroxy-1-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-7-(4-hydroxyphenyl) heptane 3-O-β-Dglucopyranoside	N.A
63	Diarylheptanoids	phaeoheptanoxide	N.A
64	Diarylheptanoids	hedycoropyran B	N.A
65	Diarylheptanoids	1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-7-(4-hydroxyphenyl) heptane-1,2,3,5,6-pentaol	N.A
66	Diarylheptanoids	3R,5S)-3,5-dihydroxy-1,7-bis(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl) heptane	CID_92448094	-
67	Diarylheptanoids	kaempsulfonic acid A	N.A
68	Diarylheptanoids	kaempsulfonic acid B	N. A
69	Fatty Acids and Esters	stearic acid	CID_5281	Octadecanoic acid Stearophanic acid
70	Fatty Acids and Esters	dec-5-enoic acid	CID_158402146	-
71	Fatty Acids and Esters	2-tetradecenoic acid	CID_5282738	2-Tetradecenoic acid Tetradecenoic acid
72	Fatty Acids and Esters	linolenic acid	CID_5280934	Alpha-Linolenic acid
73	Fatty Acids and Esters	linoleic acid	CID_5280450	Linolic acid Telfairic acid
74	Fatty Acids and Esters	Ethyl icosanoate	CID_29009
75	Fatty Acids and Esters	monopalmitin	CID_14900	1-Monopalmitin 1-Palmitoyl-rac-glycerol GLYCERYL PALMITATE
76	Fatty Acids and Esters	5,6-dimethyl citrate	N.A
77	Fatty Acids and Esters	3-carboxyethyl-3-hydroxyglutaric acid 1,5-dimethyl ester	N.A
78	Fatty Acids and Esters	trimethyl citrate	CID_74112	trimethyl 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate 1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, trimethyl ester Citric acid, trimethyl ester
79	Fatty Acids and Esters	1,5-dimethyl citrate	CID_57350689
80	Polysaccharides	fucose	CID_17106	-
81	Polysaccharides	Arabinose	CID_439195
82	Polysaccharides	Xylose	CID_135191	-
83	Polysaccharides	Rhamnose	CID_25310	6-Deoxy-L-Mannose 6-Deoxy-Mannopyranose
84	Polysaccharides	Mannose	CID_18950
85	Polysaccharides	galactose	CID_6036	D-Galactopyranoside D-Galactose
86	Polysaccharides	glucose	CID_5793	D-Glucopyranose D-Glucopyranoside
87	Polysaccharides	Glucuronic acid	CID_94715	D-Glucopyranuronate D-Glucopyranuronic Acid D-Glucuronate D-Glucuronic Acid
88	Polysaccharides	galacturonic acid	CID_439215	-
89	Others	L-p Glu-L-Leu-OCH3	N.A
90	Others	pyroglutamyl-phenylalanine methyl ester	N.A
91	Others	pyroglutamyl-tyrosine methyl ester	N.A
92	Others	benzoic acid	CID_243	Dracylic acid benzenecarboxylic acid Carboxybenzene
93	Others	Phenylmethanol	CID_244	benzyl alcohol
94	Others	dibutyl phthalate	CID_3026	n-Butyl phthalate Butyl phthalate
95	Others	furan-2-carboxylic acid	CID_6919	Furan-2-carboxylic acid 2-Furancarboxylic acid
96	Others	β-sitosterol	CID_222284	Sitosterol Cupreol Azuprostat
97	Others	β-daucosterol	CID_5742590	Sitogluside Eleutheroside A Alexandrin

The K. galanga leaves showed weakly antioxidant activity in DPPH scavenging assay, and IC50 values were 611.82 and 702.79 μg/ml, respectively.

Source : Pandit et al.,2017

Phytochemicals 3D structures

Source for phytochemicals : Duke's and pubchem

AMMPDB VER.1.1

KAEMFERIA GALANAGA

Common name : Chandramula, Sidhoul

Frequently asked questions

Vernacular names

Botanical description

Conservation status

Medicinal uses

Source : Pandit et al.,2017